Week 3 pt. 2

there are no synagogues, rabbis, pharisees, demons in the old testament

Old testament: an explanation of Judaism to the New Testament

The Old testament cannot explain the Jewish world of Jesus:

2 parts: OT & NT (both multi books)

written over long period of time

New Testament: period of 50 years

First Author: Paul

year 50–100

Old Testament: 12 century B.C.E. (period of 1000 years)

1000 B.C.E. King David

youngest book: Daniel (2nd Century of the common era)

How 1000 years are divided

• Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylonian King Nebuchadnezzar (6th century 587/586- important)
• Babylonian exile (defeated by the Persians)

Babylonian exile divides history- first temple period vs second temple period

First temple was built by King Solomon in the 10th Century- destroyed in the 6th (king Neb)

Second temple was inaugurated march of 515- destroyed year 70 (Romans)

First Temple:

Old Testament

Second Temple:

Ezra and Nehemiah, 1 & 2 Chronicles, Esther, Ecclesiastes, and Psalm (second temple period)

Daniel (165 B.C.E.)

New Testament begins around 100 A.C.

400 year gap between Old testament and the New Testament

Bible: incomplete record of literature that was in circulation in ancient Israel

more expansive and broad than what we have in our bible

religion of ancient Israel changed dramatically over centuries

• Persians defeated Babylonians
• defeated by Greeks
• Israel became independent
• Romans came in

First Temple: God speaks to Isaiah

Second Temple: Word of God is written down

Scribe, Rabbis, Office, Synagogue- Second Temple Period

What happens to you when you die?- Exploration

Religion of Ancient Israel during second temple period

• Gap
• changed dramatically
• Scholars didn’t like this period

The books of the Old Testament were written much earlier and the religion of ancient Israel underwent significant changes (first century common era- it had changed significantly)

The old Testament was still a foundational text, but a lot happened in-between

Yonder Biblical Corpus: Gap year sources

Second Temple Period: Diaspora became a permanent reality

Henze argues that Jesus was not in opposition to contemporary Judaism, but that he was deeply immersed in Judaism of his time when the texts of the New Testament are read in tandem with the Jewish books

Four topics regarding Jesus in Henze’s book

Messianic Expectations: Jews, Messiah coming

Demons and Evil Spirits

Torah: significance & correct interpretation of the law

Resurrection of the Dead and life among the angels